[[en/index|English]] · [[zh/index|中文]] · [[en/global_ESCC_epidemics/global-escc-epidemics|EN]] · [[zh/global_ESCC_epidemics/global-escc-epidemics|中文]] # Global ESCC epidemics Global esophageal cancer hotspots mainly concentrate in East Africa, Central and East Asia (mainly China), and southeastern South America, where over 85% of cases are esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). At the national and subnational levels, striking local clustering is observed: - **China**: From North to South, there are several famous high-risk clustering: North China (Taihang Mountains Range), northern Jiangsu Province (with adjacent southern Shandong Province), and the eastern Guangdong Province (extending to southern Fujian Province). China accounted for over 50% of new cases and deaths worldwide. - **Africa**: Nations along the East African Rift Valley suffer high EC risk; five countries here (Tanzania, Kenya, Malawi, Uganda, and Zimbabwe) feature in the global top 10 for esophageal cancer incidence. By contrast, most West African countries maintain low incidence rates. - **South America**: High-incidence areas are concentrated in southeastern South America (southern Brazil, Uruguay and northeast Argentina). Though its incidence is not as high as China and East Africa, the region sees higher esophageal cancer rates than western South American nations like Chile and Peru. ![[global_EC_incidence.png]]